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The Copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted materials. Under certain conditions specified in the law, libraries and archives are authorized to furnish a photocopy or other reproduction. One of these specified conditions is that the photocopy or reproduction is not to be used "for any purpose other than private study, scholarship, or research." If a user makes a request for, or later uses, a photocopy or reproduction for purposes in excess of fair use, the user may be liable for a copyright infringement. This institution reserves the right to refuse to accept a copying order if, in its judgment, fulfillment of the order would involve violation of the copyright laws.
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The Alfred R. Neumann Library complies with U.S. copyright law. The U.S. Copyright Office website provides a complete version of the law. For related resources, news, helpful charts, and more, see Stanford University's Copyright and Fair Use and Cornell University's Copyright Information Center.
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GUIDELINES REGARDING FAIR USE
The four questions to ask are:
What is the character and purpose of the use? Is it educational, non-profit, personal?
What is the nature of the work? Is it unpublished, out of print, protected by copyright, licensed, in public domain, etc?
How much of the piece is being used - a chapter, more than half, the main body?
What will the effect be on the market or value of the original work?
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The four guidelines for Reserve materials are:
BREVITY: Generally speaking, this means that a faculty member may submit a single chapter from a book, a single article from a journal issue, a short story, an essay, a short poem, a chart, a diagram, etc. The article, chapter, short story, or essay should not exceed 2500 words. A poem should not exceed 250 words.
SPONTANEITY: Photocopied materials may be placed on reserve for one semester. The library will stamp a copyright notice on the first page of photocopied materials. Any item returned to you at the end of the semester with a red copyright warning stamp will not be placed on reserve again without written copyright permission. If the professor requires that the materials be on reserve for two or more semesters, permission must be obtained from the copyright holder.
CUMULATIVE EFFECT: The copies will be used in only one course; and not more than one short poem, article, story, essay or two excerpts may be copied from the same author, nor more than three from the same collection.
Each copy includes a NOTICE OF COPYRIGHT.
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For additional information, see Fair Use of Copyrighted Materials (University of Texas System) and the Association of Research Libraries' Know Your Copy Rights: Using Works in Your Teaching -- What You Can Do (282 KB PDF; or full color version 16.4 MB).
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Helping students understand and avoid plagiarism can be a challenge in an electronic, "copy and paste" environment. Plagiarism: What It is and How to Recognize and Avoid It (Indiana University), one of the resources found under the Avoiding Plagiarism tab on the library's Style Manuals and Writing Help webpage offers practical guidance for students. Faculty also may contact Neumann Library Reference Services with related questions or consult the following resources:
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FINDING PLAGIARIZED TEXT SOURCES
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There are many sources for the full text of, or excerpts from, journal articles, dissertations, and books which can be easily accessed by students. You can search for a phrase or for an article or book title in the following:
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Web Search Engines
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Google Advanced Search
Ixquick (meta-search)
Yahoo Advanced Web Search
Find additional search tools on the library's Web Guides and Search Engines page.
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Online Book Stores and Review Sites
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Amazon.com
Barnes & Noble.com
BookBrowse.com
Bookspot Book Reviews
Readers Read
Salon.com Books
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Term Paper Mills
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Internet Paper Mills
Internet Subject Specific Paper Mills
EssayFinder
Google Directory: Fee Based Academic Papers
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Full-Text Databases
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| Neumann Library offers access to over 175 databases (Databases A-Z), many of which include the full-text of books, book reviews, and articles from journals and newspapers. Check the databases in your discipline, and general databases such as Academic Search Premier and Dissertations and Theses, which cover many disciplines. |
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Print Reference Sources
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Subject encyclopedias and other printed basic information sources in the Neumann Library reference collection can be sources of plagiarized work. These are shelved on the first level of the library.
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PLAGIARISM DETECTION SOFTWARE
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| UHCL currently does not have a site license for plagiarism detection software. Some faculty members are looking at software called Turnitin, which is an online service. You can find out more about this at http://www.turnitin.com. |
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SUGGESTED READINGS FOR FACULTY
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Anti-Plagiarism Strategies for Research Papers: Robert A. Harris, professor of English at Vanguard University of Southern California, suggests strategies for faculty.
Center for Academic Integrity Research Summaries: Donald L. McCabe of Rutgers University summarizes results of his research.
Cheating 101: Paper Mills and You: Information from a seminar on teaching effectiveness given by two librarians at Coastal Carolina University.
Plagiarism in Colleges in USA: Dr. Ronald B. Standler, attorney, discusses legal aspects of plagiarism.
Plagiarism Research Resources: Turnitin.com, a vendor of plagiarism detection software, provides information for faculty and students about avoiding plagiarism.
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SUGGESTED READINGS FOR STUDENTS
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You might want to include some of these links on your course web sites:
Avoiding Plagiarism: Purdue University's online writing lab presents charts and an exercise to help students understand when to give credit for information they use.
What is Plagiarism?: Georgetown University Honor Council's list of excuses students use for plagiarism with information to refute each one.
Plagiarism: What It is and How to Recognize and Avoid It: Indiana University Writing Tutorial Services' tips include examples of acceptable and unacceptable paraphrasing.
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